The Software CapEx Test: Which Engineering Budgets Actually Buy Gross Profit
Across our SEC-audited software universe, GAAP R&D alone misses capitalized internal software payroll and front-loaded infrastructure CapEx. Applying our Full CapEx Test shifts median payback from $0.46 to $0.41 per dollar invested, separating clean expensers like PLTR ($2.66, 0.98x) and KVYO ($0.80, 0.93x) from heavy CapEx balance sheets like MSFT ($0.33, 0.33x) and ORCL ($0.12, 0.32x).
